BSI BS 3823:1990

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Grading of ash and hickory wood handles for hand tools

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BSI BS 3823:1990

Grading of ash and hickory wood handles for hand tools

PUBLISH DATE 1990
PAGES 16
BSI BS 3823:1990

This British Standard specifies criteria for use in grading handles intended for fitting to general purpose hand tools including agricultural and striking tools.

The scope covers only unbleached handles manufactured from natural ash (Fraxinus excelsior and Fraxinus americana) and from any of the four true species of hickory as follows:

  • shagbark hickory (Carya ovata);
  • shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa);
  • pignut hickory (Carya glabra);
  • mockernut hickory (Carya tomentosa).

The standard specifies the requirements for freedom from defects and the permissible blemishes which are tolerable in respect of the various grades of handles.

A method for determining the grain slope and recommendations for storing wood handles are given in the appendices.

NOTE The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are given on the inside back cover.

Criteria for the grading of the quality of timber involve several key factors that determine its suitability for construction and other uses.

These criteria include:

  • Strength – the ability of the timber to bear loads without failure.
  • Durability – resistance to decay, insects, and environmental conditions.
  • Appearance – the visual characteristics including color, grain, and presence of defects.
  • Workability – ease of cutting, shaping, and joining the timber.
  • Moisture Content – the amount of water present, affecting stability and weight.

Proper grading ensures that timber meets the required standards for its intended application, promoting safety and performance.

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